师夷长技以自强！探索国外协同软件（二）

国外协同软件与国内OA的业务功能差别

看看国外关于协同软件的概述吧，对于了解OA，拓展OA系统的业务功能会带来帮助。

下面是来自维基百科关于协同办公软件的概述

"Collaborative software is a broad concept that greatly overlaps with Computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). Some authors argue they are equivalent. According to Carstensen and Schmidt (1999)[1] groupware is part of CSCW. The authors claim that CSCW, and thereby groupware addresses "how collaborative activities and their coordination can be supported by means of computer systems"."

"Software systems such as email, calendaring, text chat, wiki, and bookmarking belong to this category. It has been suggested that Metcalfe's law — the more people who use something, the more valuable it becomes — applies to these types of software."

"Whereas the more general term social software applies to systems used outside the workplace, for example, online dating services and social networks like Friendster, Twitter and Facebook, the use of collaborative software in the workspace creates a collaborative working environment (CWE). A collaborative working environment supports people in both their individual and cooperative work thus giving birth to a new class of professionals, e-professionals, who can work together irrespective of their geographical location."

"Finally collaborative software relates to the notion of collaborative work systems which are conceived as any form of human organization that emerges any time that collaboration takes place, whether it is formal or informal, intentional or unintentional.[2]"

Whereas the groupware or collaborative software pertains to the technological elements of computer supported cooperative work, collaborative work systems become a useful analytical tool to understand the behavioral and organizational variables that are associated to the broader concept of CSCW.[3]"

以下是翻译信息：

协同软件是一个广泛的概念，与计算机支持的协同工作 （CSCW）概念重叠。有些学者认为，他们是等价的。据Carstensen和Schmidt所说，群件是CSCW的一部分。学者声称，协同工作，从而群件地址"如何合作活动及其协调可通过计算机系统的手段支持。"

日历，软件系统，如电子邮件， 文字聊天 ， 维基 ，以及书签属于这一类。 有人认为， 梅特卡夫定律 -谁使用的人越多的东西，它变得更有价值-适用于这些类型的软件。

而更多的总称社会软件适用于工作场所以外使用的系统，例如网上约会服务和社会网络像和Friendster ， Twitter的和赶快注册Facebook ，工作区使用的协作软件创建一个协作的工作环境 （连续波发射机）。支持的协同工作环境中工作的人的个体和合作从而造就了一类新的专业， 电子商务专业 ，谁能够携手合作，不论其地理位置。

最后，协同软件涉及到的概念协同工作系统的设想，这是任何组织形式的出现与人类合作的任何时间发生，无论是正式的或非正式的，有意或无意的。而群件或协同软件涉及到计算机技术要素支持的协同工作，协同工作系统成为一个有用的分析工具，以了解组织的行为和CSCW的变量关联到更广泛的概念。

由此可知，OA作为协同办公系统在国内的称呼，应该有了更深入的意义。